Washers are important machine elements placed under screws and bolts to distribute the load over a larger surface area and to reduce the risk of vibration and loosening. Generally, they come in different types such as flat washers, spring washers, conical (Belleville) washers, and custom-designed washers. They are typically made from steel, stainless steel, brass, or nylon, and manufactured according to international standards such as DIN 125, DIN 127, and ISO 7089. Washers help prevent surface deformation at connection points, contributing to a more secure and long-lasting connection.
Applications:
Washers are widely used in machinery manufacturing, automotive, construction, electrical-electronic, furniture, and home appliance industries. Spring washers are preferred in vibration-prone environments to prevent bolts from loosening and to enhance safety. In heavy-load steel constructions and industrial assemblies, flat washers are used to ensure even load distribution, while stainless or coated washers are preferred in special applications requiring corrosion resistance.
